Bmw’s Dream Factory and Culture Essay

The culture at BMW is an entrepreneurial culture which emphasizes creativity, risk taking and the bottom-up system of freewheeling ideas. The top-down management style is popular in Germany but not at the BMW. As soon as associates start working at the BMW, they will have the sense of the place, history and the mission of the company. BMW creates a working environment that promotes easier communications between leaders and employees. Every employee can contribute his or her ideas and creations via either formal or informal ways. For example, an employee sees his or her supervisor by chance on the way to lunch, he/she can tell this person of the idea which has just happened in his/her mind. More importantly, their voices and their ideas are heard, welcomed and brought into discussions and consideration. As a result, a car from BMW is often a production of thousands of impromptu brainstorming sessions. Furthermore, BMW cares for the benefits of its employees. It includes all employees in profit sharing. It has a plan that distributes as much as one and a half months’ extra pay at the end of the year to employees. The company also provides a high level of job security for its employees. Lastly, BMW also focuses on high-quality but practical products which meet the demand of consumers and are highly competitive with other auto producers. The company’s near-failure from producing impractical and expensive cars during the postwar time in 1959 was a big lesson for them. This near-failure is always retold and mentioned in all new orientations for the new associates. It helps to remind all employees at BMW of a lesson learned for the company in developing its plans in the future and ensuring that kind of mistake should never happen again. 2. Discuss the model of leadership illustrated at BMW. The model of leadership illustrated at BMW is the consideration model of leadership. The leaders at BMW have close relationships with subordinates that are based on mutual trust, two-way and open communications, and respect for employees’ ideas. The managers at BMW must stay humble and work closely with subordinates and their peers. The Leipzig factory, which looks like an art museum, is a very creative working environment that can make the communications between managers and employees easier. Managers at BMW are the ones who know to make the right questions to ask their subordinates, not the ones who have all the right answers. They also emphasize the satisfaction of their employees’ needs and provide as many benefits to their employees as possible. They are approachable and always willing to listen to their employees. They think if the employees are well motivated, better cars will be produced. . Discuss how the leadership model contributes to the culture. The leadership model at BMW shortens the distance between leaders and subordinates. The relationships between them are built on mutual trust. Employees can feel free to raise their innovative ideas to their managers anytime and anywhere. When the employees see that their voice is heard, they are more encouraged to talk. Moreover, the company cares for the employees’ benefits. In return, the employees are very flexible to contribute their best for the company. The employees do not mind working temporarily for months in another work location which requires them to be far away from their family. They are willing to work for extra hours without being concerned about overtime. In summary, the leadership model at BMW has made it such a culture that is quite distinct from other German companies. 4. Discuss why employees derive high job satisfaction at BMW. The employees of BMW derive high job satisfaction because their benefits are well cared of, their voice is heard and their hard work is highly appreciated. Also, their job security at BMW is high. Any employees, regardless of what grade they are, can contribute their ideas and their innovations to the company’s managers easily. There are no complicated, formal processes or procedures required to send their ideas to their management teams. Furthermore, when the company gets more profits, the employees will also be more benefited. Good working environment is developed and paid attention to. In conclusion, BMW’s employees are highly motivated so they are satisfied and willing to contribute more to the development of the company.

Blood vessel Essay

Identify at least five organ systems in this region of the arm that the surgeon would have marked for reattachment. 2. List the names of the specific structures that had to be reattached. 3. What organ system was most likely not reattached? Explain. 4. Why was a clean bite so important? 5. Why was the bone shortened? 6. Identify the movements associated with the arm, forearm, wrist, and fingers. 7. Explain how the movements of the reattached arm might be altered after the reattachment. 8. Define collateral circulation and identify the regions of collateral circulation that would be found in the upper extremity. 9. Identify the specific vessels that provide the collateral circulation to the elbow. 10. Identify specific types of activities that might cause Jim problems after recovery. 11. Why would full use of his arm be unlikely? 12. Assume the role of the surgeons as they explain the procedure to Jim’s parents. Write a one- to two-paragraph explanation about the surgery, paying particular attention to what you would say about regaining use of his arm, forearm, and hand. 13. Assume the surgery to reconnect blood vessels was successful and blood flow was re-established immediately throughout the arm. Would the nerves of the arm recover as quickly and completely as the muscles? Explain why or why not. 14. How might this situation have been different if Jim had been 80 instead of 8 years old? Source: National Center for Teaching Case Studies in Science

Information Technology Management at ZARA Essay

Information Technology Management at ZARA - Essay Example This essay outlines that information technology is helping the company to manage queues inside the outlet, control inventory and handle POS-terminals (Point-of-Sale terminal). In addition, IT is playing the all important role in managing Zara’s online store. The report also uncovered that, with the use of information technology, the company has been able to achieve competitive advantage over its competitors. One of the key findings of the study is that, Zara is using outdated software. According to the technical lead of ZARA, the software may be outdates but is highly stable. However it has been identified that any changes in the system configuration by the hardware vendors may negatively impact the company’s POS terminal operation.   The study is about analysing the most important aspects of Zara’s approach to information technology management. Apart from that the report will also shed light on whether or not these approaches are applicable and appropriate anywhere in the organization. In order to satisfy these objectives, the study will carry out an in-depth analysis of the external business environment of Zara and a brief internal analysis of the company. However the focus will be mainly on the information technology management of the company. Based on the findings, the report will draw a conclusion and provide some recommendations regarding how to improve the productivity of the company. Nevertheless, before getting further deep into the study, a brief overview of Zara is presented below.   ... In order to satisfy these objectives, the study will carry out an in-depth analysis of the external business environment of Zara and a brief internal analysis of the company. However the focus will be mainly on the information technology management of the company. Based on the findings, the report will draw a conclusion and provide some recommendations regarding how to improve the productivity of the company. Nevertheless, before getting further deep into the study, a brief overview of Zara is presented below. ZARA: A brief Synopsis Zara is a Spanish company involved in manufacturing and marketing of clothing and accessories. The company is the sister concern of Inditex, which is one of the leading distribution groups of the world. Zara was founded by Amancio Ortega and Rosalia Mera in the year 1975. Presently it is headquartered at Arteixo, Spain. The first store of the company was opened in La Courna. Zara is considered to be one of the largest multinational fashion companies (Zara , 2010a). The major competitors of Zara in the global context are Uniqlo, H&M, Marks & Spencer and United Colors of Benetton. According to reports, the company owns 5,527 stores around the world. Apart from the store operations, it also operates through online platforms. The net sales value of the company in the year 2011 was 13,793, and the operating profit was 3,258 which reflect the company’s financial stability (Inditex, 2011). The company is best known for continuously developing and launching new products. The company comes up with a number of innovative designs each year, which helps them to compete in the market. According to the CEO of the company, Zara’s business idea is very much

Concentrating Solar Power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Concentrating Solar Power - Essay Example The Supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle is being investigated on how it produces its energy. The cycle is ideal because it is easy to be transported from one location to another and it can also be effective in reducing costs because it uses very technical turbo machineries. Its ability to achieve efficiency is brought by the manner in which the supercritical CO2 behaves when it is near critical points. The high power density that the supercritical CO2 manages to achieve is the composition of the fluid that it has in the turbo machinery is of high density too, an approximate of 60% the water density at the inlet of the compressor (Ma & Turchi, 2011). Investigations for the supercritical CO2 cycle is being done Sandia and its contractor, Baarber Nicholas Inc. because of the cycle has a high efficiency in temperatures between 400 C and 750 C. the investigation is being done in phases of a development program in the DOE Office of Nuclear Energy and Sandia National Labs. The main objective of the investigation is to realize the technology impact s of the Supercritical CO2 cycle. The first phase which is also called the first loop of the investigation is a compression loop that will be done using motor to run the radial Supercritical CO2 compressor. The objective of this phase of the investigation will be: The type of technology that will be required to bear the weight, technology for sealing, bear gas-foil and how to counter the rotor wind age losses which are required for the cycle to be able to reach its effectiveness and how it reduces the costs which are its main aims. The second phase of the investigation called the second loop that has been designed is a megawatt heater-class closed Superscript CO2 Brayton cycle. This process is called the ‘re-compression’. In this phase the cycle will show how it will be used in sources of

El Alcoholismo, (Una Monografia) Debe de ser es espaol Essay

El Alcoholismo, (Una Monografia) Debe de ser es espaol - Essay Example Desarrollo.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 A. El Alcoholismo Y Lo Que Es†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 IV. Discusion.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 A. Como El Alcoholismo Se Aparece En Los Adolescentes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦5 B. Causas†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 C. Efectos†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 D. Demostracion de la hipotesis.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦..7 E. Lista de Referencias†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 C. Introduccion I. Problema El alcoholismo, a diferencia del uso de alcohol excesivo o imprudente, ha sido considerado en el pasado un sintoma de estres comunitario o psicologico, o un conducta desajustada. El alcoholismo se ha transformado en una nueva definicion, y tal vez mas precisa, como una enfermedad compleja en si. Los primeros sintomas incluyen ansiedad sobre la disponibilidad de alcohol, que influye intensamente en la preferencia por el paciente de amigos o actividades. El alcohol es cada vez mas el semblante de una droga que modifica el estado de animo, y menos como una parte de la dieta , un habito social o un rito piadoso. Se caracteriza por una vinculacion emocional y a veces organica del alcohol, y produce un dano cerebral avanzado y por ultimo la muerte. Mientras que el alcoholismo afecta principalmente a los adultos, su uso en adolescentes es un desasosiego creciente. Nuestra tarea sera la de tratar este tema mas alla de ser una diversion, se esta convirtiendo en una preocupacion. Cada vez mas ninos se intoxican cuando van a bailar o juntarse con amigos. A su vez, el consumo empieza a la vez de ninos pequenos, y los padres son cada vez mas condescendiente en este sentido. Se debe explorar lo que lleva el alcohol a los adolescentes. II. Hipotesis En este ensayo uno se va a explorar un desarrollo del alcoholismo y lo que es. El hipotesis va a investigar: como el alcoholismo se aparece en los adolescentes; las causas del alcoholismo; y los efectos del alcoholismo. III. Desarrollo A. El Alcoholismo Y Lo Que Es El alcoholismo es una enfermedad grave. Segun a Astovi za (2000) â€Å"El alcoholismo es una enfermedad cronica, progresiva y fatal caracterizada†¦Ã¢â‚¬  por una dependencia emocional y a veces organica del alcohol (parrafo 5). Se trata de un trastorno fundamental y no un sintoma de otras enfermedades o problemas emocionales. La quimica del alcohol afecta a casi todos los tipos de celulas en el cuerpo, incorporando a las que aparecen en el sistema nervioso central. El alcohol domina sus razonamientos, emociones y movimientos. Una vez que el alcohol ha tenido una persona no puede decirse que la victima esta cometiendo un delito moral. En este estado, el alcoholico no puede usar su animo de voluntad, porque ha perdido el poder de decidir si se debe usar alcohol o se abstiene de el. Se debe preguntar segun al articulo, â€Å"?Que es el alcoholismo?† (2011, p. 1) Es la condicion de una persona que tiene una enfermedad, una persona que bebe tanto alcohol cronicamente. Este persona no puede sostener su forma de beber bajo contro l, aunque le aga dano a su salud, su trabajo,su mente y su familia. El alcoholico se caracteriza por la dependencia del alcohol, tanto psicologica fisica como, la

5 Stages of Team Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

5 Stages of Team Development - Essay Example The roles of each team are express and the leader has to marshal the team to meet the requirements of a strong team. I encountered the importance of having a strong team in my school when I had to come up with a group for a debate held in class. We were informed in advance and students were asked to make their choices based on what they felt was appropriate for increased chances of winning. To do this, I had to look for students with a common agenda and a basic understanding of the topic in discussion. The process of forming the group was challenging because people have no responsibilities outlined yet (Macionis and John, 2010). This also was a session where we have to know each other and appreciate each other’s skills as we planned on what to do after the initial stage. The process was interesting and I enjoyed knowing my friends better. While trying to fit in, the struggles experienced by groups that area still trying to fit in are noticeable, and that made it difficult to control some of the students. There were factions within the same group that wanted to take over the responsibilities while others wanted to maintain the status quo (Macionis and John, 2010). The storming stage was quite hectic and it almost broke the group apart. However, we were able to come to terms with the issues that were contentious and came up with a way of ensuring everyone was satisfied. The norming stage was characterized by the harmonization of our skills that made it easier to understand the issues taking place in the group and the best way of enhancing mutual support towards our common goal. We all wanted to win the debate, and the only way of doing this was first harmonizing the group and entrenching certain rules that would see us sharpen our skills and arguments. Developing a good team would see the next stage being more producti ve. The group’s performance was pegged

Study case 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Study case 1 - Essay Example It is regarded as morally wrong unless that person is your wife. The man declined to remove his pants for the X-ray due to his protestant stand which does not allow females to see their private parts and this also the main reason as to why he refused to cover himself with a towel. Most of them would even prefer to die than to be treated by a female doctor which does not make sense at all. Just because, this female doctor is going to see your private parts does not mean she is going to do anything with them, all she is interested in is treating you and therefore fulfilling her duty at work (Nam, 11). Most of our cultures misguide us by the things they make us believe, and they may destroy us rather than build us. Religion is supposed to build and unite us but not to tear us apart (Nam, 11). Therefore, everybody is supposed to respect each other, and that includes their religion too. We all believe in something even if not God. We believe He exists though nobody can really prove that he does, we all therefore want the religion we believe in to be superior to the others. However, personal views on religion should be banned in all healthcare facilities and clinics as they helps in promoting unity. If personal views are brought up in the health facilities, it may bring up religious conflicts which bring a poor working environment. This is the main reason as to why one has to compromise his or her religious views for the sake of healthcare. It is very unfair for one to think of banning the religious garb or the jewelry to the healthcare yet they do not know what these things mean to these people. It is their belief that is being disrespected and therefore mocking their belief (Nam, 10). What they do not ask themselves is how they would feel if they were in their position or what they would do if the same was being done to them. But no, of course they did not ask

People Organizations and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

People Organizations and Management - Essay Example 34). Alignment is described as the extent to which the human resource is linked to the business strategy. Capabilities include the talent, resources and information needed to implement the business strategy while engagement is defined as the extent to which people in an organization are committed to the organization. The productivity of the people in an organization and the quality of services offered to customers is influenced by various factors including the extent of team working, the organization’s structure and culture. Team working involves members of an organization working together and complementing each other to accomplish a particular task. When well conceived and implemented, team work offers various advantages which include enhanced creativity, increased employee satisfaction and it offers an opportunity for one to develop and acquire new skills (REF). Moreover, team working enhances the speed with which results are achieved and creates a support network for employ ees which they can rely on. Organizational design also determines the performance and productivity of the people in an organization. Generally, organizations may fall into either traditional or contemporary organization design. Under traditional organizational design, an organization may have simple structure or a functional structure while contemporary design may be team structure, matrix structure or project structure. Moreover, contemporary organizational design may be either lead to autonomous internal units, boundary-less organizations or learning organizations (Chatterjee, 2009, p. 150). Moreover, the human resource in all organizations is influence by the culture of that organization (Chatterjee, 2009, p. 147). Organizational culture is described as the pattern of norms, beliefs, values, attitudes and all those assumptions which may not have been articulated although they determine the way people behave and carry on their daily businesses. It is a system of informal rules gui ding people’s behaviour in an organization (Campeanu-Sonea et al., 2010, p. 328). This paper will make a comparison of teamwork, organizational design and culture of two different firms; Biogenia and Sleepeasy. Biogenia is an international company involved in the production of farming chemicals such as herbicides, fungicides and insecticides. It has an employee base of 15000 and operates in ten countries. On the other hand, Sleepeasy is a mid-market hotel chain targeting business travellers and tourists. Comparison of approaches to teamwork and team-working at Biogenia and Sleepeasy Given the many benefits accruing to an organization after fostering teamwork, firms always strive to enhance it. However, different organizations use on varied approaches to achieve teamwork as brought out in the case study the Biogenia and Sleepeasy. Grant et al. (2005. p.165) described six approaches that are used in teamwork. These approaches include shared plans, joint intentions, team plans, cooperative problem solving, collective intentions and cooperative subcontracting. In team plan approach; teamwork is based a group of people with an intention of performing a complex task while in joint intentions all the agents in a group have a specific intention which brings them to work together (Grant, et al., 2005, p. 168). In shared plan approach, agents are bound together by a set of intentions. Cooperative problem solving approach to team work is based on an intention to interconnecting different

IKEA International Marketing Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

IKEA International Marketing - Case Study Example Those that can are part of an elite group that set a precedent for other retailers to follow. IKEA is one of those leaders. In less than forty years, IKEA has become a globally successful, multibilliondollar business, with stores on six continents and a very large customer following. Competitors constantly strive to imitate IKEA, but this company's secret to success is not easily duplicated. In Sweden in the 1940s, Ingvar Kamprad ran a small delivery business from his home using the local milk van. Needing a name for his business, he combined the initials of his name along with those of his family farm, "Elmtaryd," and the name of his village "Agunnaryd," to form IKEA (Appelbaum 1990). When the delivery service failed, Kamprad transferred his knowledge to mail order and soon discovered an untapped niche: furniture. By 1953 the first warehouse showroom of cataloged goods was opened. Soon to follow were stores in Norway and Denmark. Today Kamprad can boast of ninety-six stores in twenty-four countries, including the United States, France, Poland, Germany, Czechoslovakia, Australia, Hong Kong, Hungary, and Saudi Arabia. The Swedish company is now the largest furniture retailer in the world. In total, these stores cover 14 million square feet and in 1990 had global sales exceeding $3.4 billion and served close to 90 million customers (Chandler 1990). What was Kamprad's form ula for success "IKEA shall offer a wide range of home furnishing items of good design and function, at prices so low that the majority of people can afford to buy them" (IKEA Home Page 2008). A simple formula it is, but one that has resulted in huge success ("IKEA in 2005", 2005). Current Business Structure Around the globe, IKEA stores are similarly designed in a Swedish style-blue and gold (Sweden's national colors), with the flag of Sweden waving proudly at the front. The stores are huge (100,000-250,000 ft), warehouses led with wide aisles for easy navigation. Products consist of assemble-it yourself furniture such as tables, bookcases, and shelves, and also china, plants, linens, wallpaper, flooring, carpets, beds, lighting, and cabinets, all at rock-bottom prices (IKEA Home Page 2008; Trachtenberg 1991). All stores are attractively merchandised with up to one hundred settings of fully decorated rooms. Store traffic patterns are designed so that the customer passes through all departments to pick up the knock-down merchandise and proceed to the checkout counter. Very little space is wasted ("IKEA in 2005", 2005). MARKETING STRATEGIES IKEA was founded as a mail order

Altruism among humans Essay Example for Free

Altruism among humans Essay This paper presents an examination of the phenomenon of altruism among humans. Altruism is defined as a behaviour that may be to ones advantage but is also to the advantage of others. The questions of why we behave this way or what motivates us to behave in this manner and the relevance to society today are the focus of this paper. Various research and theories has explained why altruistic behaviour is undertaken intentionally in the human world. Introduction We often read or hear about acts of generosity and courage, such as, fund raisers or concerts to  help homeless people, the fostering of a child and sponsoring his or her education, or of volunteers risking their lives to help victims in incidents like September 11 terrorist attack in the United States. We could have donated some money to orphanages or cared for a wounded dog. Such humane acts are defined by Psychologists as altruism (Moghaddam, 1998). Altruistic acts could be unselfish or done for personal gain or egoistic reasons. Indeed in a psychological paradigm, psychologists believe that true altruistic behaviour does not exist (Moghaddam, 1998). But how do we account for the behaviour of Mother Theresa or Mahatma Gandhi and many other unselfish acts of human endeavours? In order to explore this we have to understand the person variable and situational variable motivating the altruistic act (Simons, Kalichman Santrock, 1994). As we are aware behaviour is determined by personal and situational variables. A persons ability to empathise with the needy or to feel responsible for anothers welfare has great impact on altruistic behaviour. Situations influence the strength of the altruistic motivation. Reciprocity and exchange are important aspects of altruism (Simons, Kalichman Santrock, 1994). Humans give and receive from others everywhere. Reciprocity is the basic principle of every religion in the world for example, Judaism, Hinduism, Christianity, Buddhism and Islam (Brosnahan, 2003). To act altruistically, requires consciousness and caring, and similarly, pet owners can often cite altruistic behaviour or at least conscious acts of kindness on the part of cats and dogs (Simons, Kalichman Santrock, 1994). Another good example would be the nursing,  profession founded on the notion of helping people, sometimes even at a cost to nurses themselves. There are many ways people show altruism. To explain why we do altruistic acts like volunteering, donating or raising funds, we need to distinguish between four different forms of altruism which are observed in humans that shown towards kin, a partner, a friend, and individual who does not fit into these categories (http://www. theunityofknowledge. org/the_evolution_of_altruism/introduction. htm, 2003) Of the several types of altruism a main focus has been on heroic altruism (Moghaddam, 1998). It is a short term intervention requiring physical action and tends to fit more the masculine gender. On the other hand Nurturant altruism requires more patience, listening and a caring attitude with long term involvement. This more closely fits the image of the traditional feminine gender (Moghaddam, 1998). The Bystander effect greatly influences helping behaviour, because of common ignorance of bystanders and assumptions about other bystanders actions. Each persons scope of responsibilities can decrease in the presence of others ( Moghaddam, 1998). In  order for Bystander to help he or she has to posses social skills to interpret the situation and take appropriate actions (Moghaddam, 1998). Initially from a theoretical perspective if a person knows how to overcome obstacles to he or she giving help, subsequently other people start questioning whether the helping behaviour was true altruism (Moghaddam, 1998). A later there was a theory of Daniel Batson empathy-altruism, believes that people help out of a genuine desire(Moghaddam, 1998). Other theories propose that altruistic behaviour is egoistic and put the hypothesis that helping behaviour is a way to  repair a helpers image (Moghaddam, 1998). Methodology An interview was conducted with a woman who volunteers her services with meals on wheels and has done nearly sixteen years. She is a retired school teacher living alone. I assumed that her altruistic behaviour had a self fulfilling motive. Therefore I chose her and I wanted to clarify or confirm my assumption. In order to facilitate my focus interviewee was given ten questions asking about her volunteering profile, and her motivating factors. This interview created awareness of other influencing factors motivating her altruistic behaviour.

Dior Strategy Analysis

Dior Strategy Analysis After the show, Christian Dior began thinking about his design again, in his mind he thought he had the responsibility to bring fashion to women, and he wanted women looks like flowers. Because the subversive designing and perfect looking, the dresses were accepted by most society people through they were expensive in that time. (Marly, 1990) Christian Diors wonderful new look made fashion area crazy in that some, some people liked it very much, others against it. Because of the traditional understanding about the clothes, some governments thought this kind of clothes wasteful and awful, they even ordered some factories stop making the clothes. People who liked Diors styles very much, started thinking about against governments, they came to meet Christian Dior and discussed how they could do to protect the clothing line. For Christian Dior himself, he believed his new fashion would be popular by women, he did want return to the old fashion again, and so every 6 months he made a new line to continue his clothes until reached 22 lines. A big change was happened in 1957 when the Masters death stunned the whole fashion market, he was the creator who made Christian Dior be known. However, the company could not stop developing, and it became the domination in that time of fashion marketing. Diors new designs always shocked the fashion marketing after that time it made Christian Diors company became more and more famous. A lot of Diors stores appeared in Paris, Hollywood, New York it was well known as a luxury label from that time all over the world. For developing and expanding its market, Christian Dior began to add some other products not only clothes, but also fashion and leather goods, watches and jewelries, wines and spirits, perfumes and cosmetics The aims of this article is considering the developed of Dior industry in last few years from about 2003 to 2009, and trying to find out some strategies for future development for Dior. And also considered how Christian Dior keeps its predominant in fashion industries, especially in the similar luxury brands like Louis Vuitton, Armani, Gucci, and Channel. It is obliviously that if any industry insists on one strategy or old-fashioned fossilized attitudes in the market, it would be gone out from the market quickly. The following article will discuss the strategies by four tools, which considered from the industry life cycle, PESTAL framework, five framework and strategic group to understand the development of Christian Dior. And through the five tools we also could understand the different strategies used in different time or under different economic environment. And at last, conducting a SWOT analysis of Christian Dior also becomes a necessary step. Industry Life Cycle: The products in any industry should have a process which is called industry life cycle in marketing. Normally, it would separate to four steps: introduction; growth; maturity and decline. The competition becomes white-hot in the luxury marketing, it is a almost total mature market. According to the industry life cycle, it should nearly reach or have already reached the decline step. So, how to change the poison and improve competitive in fashion marketing become an emergence for Manage groups of Christian Dior. Strategies of sustainable development are necessary considered by them in this period. Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threat (SWOT) Analysis Internal and external strengths and weaknesses should be considered at first if the company needs to do any strategy. Moreover, the opportunities Dior will face and what threats it will meet in recently and future will be discussed in the following article. Internal and external strengths of Christian Dior: Though considering the internal strengths of Dior, as a top luxury brand, it has created a great fashion culture in its history. For example, the typical black dress is popular by women for many decades even until now, it is so classical. As top brand, Dior did the best to produce extremely great quality products. They focus on fashion trends and leading the trends. Dior signed the greatest designers in fashion areas, like John Galliano. As a fashion company, Dior made a myth for itself and for the whole industry. External strengths would be discussed from customers, for Dior, it has a huge groups of customers, they understand Diors products deeply beyond the foundation of the products themselves. They looking for something have more meanings. For these customers, Dior keeps improving its services, it is a basic but important strategy which is known by the strategy groups. Keeping good communicating with customers, and assuring its patron of its best effort and hospitality. Further unification services should be spread immediately in New York, Tokyo and all the cities which have Diors products. In 2009, Carla Bruni, the first lady of France wore two dresses to participate the celebration of Bastille Day which are all made by Dior, it is a big impact for fashion marketing even under the unfavorable business environment. Carla Bruni is one of Diors fans, she was happy to mention when she was 19 years old, she began her career with wearing her first Dior dress. Smoking jacket which designed in 19 90 is favorable by many famous women now. That is what Dior keeping on doing for its external market. Internal and external weaknesses: At first, Diors products related high costs, which mean its customers would be narrowed in small rich groups. Second, in order to expand the range of customers, Christian Dior increase export products. Comparing with local products, export products have some disadvantages, like longer delivery time, weak language capabilities, for many products need import raw materials, it costs time and money, as a export products, they always lack of new styles in peak seasons. Third, it is more difficult to keep its image-building in different country with different culture. For example, Sharon Stone (Stone) is a famous actor in Hollywood, and she was approached the face of Dior in 2005. In 2008, there was an earthquake happened in south of China, it left 68,000 people dead and many were homeless. Sharon Stone as a face of Dior said, it was karma, her words caused most of Chinese against her and Dior. Until Stone apologized in Public and Christian Dior decided to drop her, Chinese people still co uld not forgive her. This is a very serious effect to Diors image. (www.icmrindia.org, 2009) External opportunities: After China joined the WTO (World Trade Organization), it becomes a huge potential country in fashion marketing. There are 31 LVMH (a luxury company with 61 brands within its portfolio) officials available in China. For Dior, China is a big market. Dior had launched more than 20 stores in Beijing and Shanghai, the next step for them is to understand Chinese marketing by considering open more stores in China. (Christian Dior, 2009) External threats: The biggest threats to Christian Dior are coming from other luxury brand, like Louis Vuitton; Channel; Gucci; and Armani, which have the same products in fashion industry. Another reason comes from the fashion marketing, Berg (2002) argued that luxury brand only launch their stores in large cities, the rents or other costs might be maintained in a very high level, it narrows the development of company and it might lead financial problems in the next 10 years. PESTEL Framework (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal): Political: Since some new members joint into European Union, the tariff decline quite a lot, it is a big effect to Diors export and import business. Expanding new business line and opening new stores in different areas is one of Diors most important strategies. It brought a lot of benefits and challenges to Dior. Reduced price of some products to improve its competitive to other luxury brands, and expanding its overseas plan, especially plan in Asian market. Through this report, it seems under this politics, Diors export sales increased about 8% in one year. Economic conditions: In 2008, world financial crisis started from America, the economic condition impacted every industry quickly. In the first three months of 2009, Christian Dior (2009) stressed Dior Couture declined about 8% at current exchange rates and of 12% at constant exchange rates. The United States and Japan is impacted seriously by the financial crisis, the Diors goods sales decreased obviously in the period. However, the good news is that sales situation remains strong in China and some Middle East countries. Christian Dior invested strategies into these new areas to develop itself. Christian Dior (2009) stated that the manager groups changed their focus on these new economic powerful countries, and kept the balance between its strengths and weaknesses. This strategy brought a lot of advantages, and keeps Diors dominance position on the world luxury marketing in 2009. Social Christian Dior has a huge range of customers, because it consist its best design and quality, it created a fashion culture and history for itself. Dior as a label is respected by many people. Technological To improve competition, Christian Dior signed up a contract with John Galliano who is one of most influential designer in fashion areas. It is a big issue for Dior, and also for fashion industries. For example Dior watch designed by John Galliano and Victoire de Castellane in 2005, it impact the trend of Diors Fashion style. It is not difficult to image women would like taking a lot of money in a new style handbag, that means they also would expend a high price on a fashion watch if it is a new fashion trend in their minds. Furthermore to open up new avenues of business, Christian Dior began cracking other business areas. The first step is co-operating with other brands which is famous on other business industries. For example, On June 2008, Dior co-operated with Apple, created a dress for Apples iphone. It was named Dior Homme iPhone Holder, obviously, it was so expensive, compare with old iPhone, Dior Hommer iPhone Holder cost twice price. It is the not the first time Christian Dior enter into another total different industry. Then, Christian Dior collaborate Mode Labs and produced its handset. This handset is called My Dior, and it is extremely expensive, with a 2 Mega pixel camera, a tough screen, and multimedia goodies. One My Diors retail is start from 5000 dollars. And Diors company will come up with its own new mobile later soon. (Troaca, 2008) Environmental and Legal Obviously, Christian Dior is Legal company, it keeps abiding by every laws, including employees law; company environment condition; fair competitive law and others. Because obey these laws are the basic situations to run a company. Five Forces Framework: It will follow 5 parts: Competitive Rivalry, Buyer, Suppliers, Substitutes, and Potential Entrants. Competitive Rivalry Some researches show the price is not the most important factor customers would consider, they are more focus on the value of the products. Like Dior, many rich people are honest fans of its products through the price is very high. This is a big difference between normal products and luxury goods. They buy Dior for distinguishing others. According to the psychology of customers, Dior promoted a strategy from 2003, which is called limited edition. Dior Company produces some goods with specific design, and most important point is the company will control the numbers of the goods. It made a big success until now, every time when Dior creates new limited-good, they will be sold much quickly than others. Beside great quality goods, Dior pays a lot of attentions on its services for customers, DallOlmo Riley and Lacroix ( 2000) pointed out that all luxury brands not only focus on selling goods but also making a great relationship with their customers after sale. All of these strategies made Dior Compare with its biggest competitors like Gucci, Armani, and Hermes. Christian Dior got more benefits in sales within its talent manager groups. Buyer and Suppliers: Developing new customers and suppliers is a very important plan to Dior. For example Dior invested a lot into developing Chinese market. Especially after 2008 Beijing Olympics Game, most of countries think China is the world next economic superpower. Furthermore, Chinese could supply cheaper resources with the same qualities as European countries. That means built factory in China could reduce a lot of costs. Substitutes and Potential Entrants In order to meet more and more customers requirements, in 2004 Dior expanded internet sales as another kind of channels for selling. It is much more convenient with internet selling, people feel happy to choose their purchases online. Okonkwo (2005, P57) point out that brands like Dior or Chanel have built their empire not only by capitalizing on their products but also on the aura of the brand, which itself is perpetuated through marketing mix elements such as store atmosphere and communication. Suggestions and conclusion: Developing Dior company need to do more effective actions, it should be considered from the main driver of market. DallOlmo Riley, Lomax and Blunden (2004, P40) stated that fast moving consumer goods, growth, rather than defense, it is the main driver for extending luxury brands. Especially in nowadays, Dior gets a lot of stress under the global financial crisis. The Economist (2003) reported because of Euro against dollar, the expenditure of luxury goods from customers decreased dramatically. Basing on literatures, launching extension for Dior seems a feasibility strategy. However researching elements like desirability, high awareness and exclusive is not an easy thing. It is easy to find out that knowing the strategic drivers is a much important factor for managements of luxury brands when they considering to extend their brands. As DallOlmo Riley, Lomax and Blunden (2004, P45) indicated that decision and launch criteria are the same for fast moving and for luxury goods. And, managers always need consider the brands craftsmanship, heritage, culture and tradition before making the decision of whether it should be extended, although the main structure would not change at all. Chernatony and McDonald(2003, P25) typified: A successful brand is an identifiable product, service, person or place, augmented in such a way that the buyer or user perceives relevant, unique added values which match their needs most closely. Furthermore, its success results from being able to sustain these added values in the face of competition. Which means managers should follow two elements; one is not only concern the products themselves but also consider from the whole bus iness. The other is, keeping the tradition of original brands. For Dior Company, it has got a high success and respect in fashion areas, the only thing it need to do is considering how to keep its dominant position and keep walking in future.

Being A Good Father :: essays research papers

Being A Good Father   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Although the essay â€Å"My Father’s Son† and the poem â€Å"my father’s son† written by the same author, Mel Donalson and have similar titles, they have different ways to express the son’s feeling of his father’s character, merit and devotion to his family. Both essay and poem’s main ideas center around affection and father’s commitment to his family. However, the poem only describes the cold weather and the father’s image in his regular life style without expression of the author’s deep feeling. It is understandable that the poem mainly expresses the author’s naà ¯ve character during his childhood. On the other hand, the essay is more detail in describing the author’s different feelings from his journey from boyhood to manhood. Unlike the poem, Donalson focuses on his life’s experience and development with his changeable attitude to father: from ungratefulness and contemp t to thankfulness and respect. Although both the poem and essay are different in form and narrator, they share the same elements and visual images to support the author’s message of respect between a father and son.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The author, Donalson, uses visual images in both the poem and essay to describe the respectable father whom the author had. He uses the word â€Å"gladiator† to describe his father. â€Å"Gladiator† literally means man trained to fight with weapons at public shows in an arena; however, it symbolizes his father’s courage and tolerance of hard-working environment. In the poem, the poet portrays his father as â€Å"dark and beautiful† and uses the phrases â€Å"broadness of his back,† and â€Å"a large dry hand† to describe his father. â€Å"Dark and beautiful† tells the reader that the author knows his father’s humble origin in the South but he still appreciates his father’s appearance. â€Å"Broadness of his back† shows his father is a strong and powerful man. All those merits of his father give reason that his father is a respectable man. In the essay, similar descriptions used to describe his f ather like â€Å"dark shadow moving against the white background,† â€Å"dark face hidden beneath a knit cap,† and â€Å"his giant steps.† Donalson emphasizes his father is a big and powerful man. His endurance and responsibility to his family really please the author. His father never did anything special besides â€Å"piling the Christmas gifts† and â€Å"covering the car insurance† to his son but he can still manage to endear himself to his family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In contrast to the poem, Donalson uses limited omniscient narrator in his essay to reveal to the reader his deep feelings of respect to his father.

Heart of Darkness and Lord of the Flies :: comparison compare contrast essays

Heart of Darkness and Lord of the Flies    Seldom are works as brilliantly written as Conrad's Heart of Darkness or Golding's Lord of the Flies.   There are effective comparisons and contrasts between the two novels. The novels deal with many similar issues and contain many of the same themes.      Many of the themes present in Heart of Darkness and also present in Lord of the Flies.   Both novels deal with the theme of civilization versus savagery.   Also, both novels imply that every man has a heart of darkness or an evil that is usually drowned out by the light of civilization. However, when removed from civilized society, the raw evil of untamed lifestyles within his soul will be unleashed. For example,   in the Heart of Darkness the main character Marlow journeys up the Thames river and as he gets further away from civilization, the more he journey's into a heart of darkness.   A darkness where societal morals no longer exist and savagery has taken over.   In the Lord of the Flies the boys in the novel are stranded on an island and the longer they stay on the island and are absent from civilization the more savage like they become.         Another similarity between the two novels is that the parallels between the protagonists and the antagonists are quite similar.   Both the novels have a character who willingly gives into his heart of darkness, and a character who sees the savagery of those who are consumed and fights to return to civilization.   For example, in the Heart of Darkness Kurtz gave into his heart of darkness and let his evil tendencies take over.   He was a one point a man who values morals but gave into his evil side when removed from civilization.   Marlow on the other hand also journeys away from civilization but he does not let his values deteriorate such as Kurtz.   In Lord of the Flies Jack gave into his evil side and becomes savage like, and begins turning against the ones who were his friends.   Ralph on the other hand was not as easily consumed by his evil side.   Until his death, Ralph   realized the savagery of the others especially Jack.

The Rich Brother by Tobias Wolff Essay -- Sibling Rivalry, Rich Brothe

The short story, "The Rich Brother," by Tobias Wolff represents the same concept that everyday people all over the world encounter. This portrays how having siblings can be an enormous part of a persons life. The rivalry between siblings is often very competitive, but at the same time similar to magnets. When they are not connected it may seem they are independent and whole, but when examined closely it is obvious they are really relying on each other to function properly. Although Pete and Donald's life are separate and completely different, they are in fact very dependent on each other. The meaning of dependence is the act of being influenced, relying on, or needing someone for aid or support. Dependence is one of the main characteristics that both Pete and Donald portray without it being easily comprehended. Pete needs Donald as much as Donald needs Pete on an emotional level. Throughout this short story Donald is the one that seems to have a life incomparable to Pete's but both brothers are missing something, and that something is each other. The story begins with Wolff describing the two brothers, Pete is the conceited successful brother with a life people dream about, and Donald is the younger brother who attempts to do something for everyone else when he could. Donald had made odd decisions, such as going to live on a farm in which members of his community had bought to form a family of faith. When Donald became unhappy he became dependent on Pete because he had no where to go, no car, and no money. Pete took action and drove out to pick him up to bring him ba ck to his house. If Pete did not care about Donald, even though they are brothers, he would have made Donald be independent and live in the real world. Pete's a... ...e this unfair life for Donald to come out ahead in the end." Donald had invested the one hundred dollars the Pete gave him on what Pete thought was extremely outrageous then got worried when he felt Donald would do something to out smart him. In conclusion, co-dependency and rivalry is very common in the world today. Though it is not a big issue out in the open, it is an emotional attachment that only one can define. In this short story the two main aspects of having siblings is the theme which revolves around codependency and rivalry. Having siblings is a part of everyday life and problems do occur which sometimes makes a person, or changes a person in ways. In this situation, Pete and Donald are completely different people but they are in fact very dependent upon one another. Work Cited Wolff, Tobias. â€Å"The Rich Brother.† Back in the World. New York: Bantam.

College Athletes Should Be Paid Essay

Tyus Jones was a basketball player at the University of Minnesota who was extremely talented on and off the court. In just his freshman year he won The University Of Minnesota their first national championship in 94 long years. Despite of Tyus’s on court abilities even with a full ride college scholarship Tyus was not able to afford the basic college life needs. To help out with the expenses Tyus got a job at the nearby Burger King, but after two short weeks he was forced to quit because it was impossible to manage school,basketball, and work. Tyus then realized he would have to get some form of help from the school to help him manage his spending. It should be required for all colleges to pay all their Division I athletes enough money for them to support themselves during the season. Tyus was lucky, he was very talented on the court which gave him some legal extra benefits, but some players are not that lucky. Some players have no options but to accept illegal benefits and can be suspended or even fined. Most athletes are so busy with school and their sport that they are not able to work on the side to earn money. Also college are paid millions and millions of dollars by large network companies like Nbc, Fox, and even Espn when the main reason their college is in the spotlight is because of these talented players who get nothing for making everything happen.

Critical evaluation †blood brothers Essay

The play did not open with the curtain going up but instead with the lights going up. My seat was in the gallery, which is quite high up, but after I got over the sense of vertigo my view of the play was fine. I could not see the gantry at the back of the stage or the very front of the stage, but very little of the action took place in these areas. The play was written in the early 1960’s by the Liverpudlian playwright Willy Russell and was first performed in the early 1980’s. The play is a ‘slice of life’, or an impression of life starting in Liverpool in the early 1960’s through until the 1980’s, of poor working class families. The play combines music and song with narrative. The set of Blood Brothers consisted of, on either side of the stage a row of terraced house fronts. At the back of the stage there was a gantry which was used by the narrator and once by Mrs. Johnston when she sang a song that was an overview of the action that had just taken place, there was a countryside backcloth with two moveable ‘brick wall’ flats which moved across to cover this. The set was very appropriate for the play, it combined well with the ‘slice of life’. The props were minimalist and brought on stage by the actors. There were four moveable flats, two that slid across the floor and two that came down from the ceiling. All the costumes and fixings were appropriate for the era of the play, they worked well together producing a realistic setting. The play opens with the twin brothers, lying down on stretchers and then being carried away. The narrator then informs the audience of the events that have just happened and then the play begins. The play is about Mrs. Johnston, a working class mother of seven children who after her husband has left her for a younger woman discovers she is pregnant with twins. Mrs. Johnston is a cleaner who works for a middle class couple, Mr. and Mrs. Lyons. Mrs. Johnston tells Mrs. Lyons of her predicament and so Mrs. Lyons who can not have children of her own and whose husband has gone away on business for six months offers to take one of the twins for herself and bring him up as her own. After some persuasion Mrs. Johnston gives one of the boys to Mrs. Lyons. She finds it difficult to keep Mrs. Johnston on as her cleaner because she can see that there is a bond between mother and child and so fires her. Several years pass, the boys are now seven, nearly eight, they meet when out playing, become great friends and ‘Blood Brothers’. Both Mrs. Johnston and Mrs. Lyons try to keep the boys apart but are unable to do so. In a desperate attempt to separate the boys the Lyons move to a house in the country well away from Mickey and the estate where the Johnston’s live. A few years later the council decide to demolish the estate where the Johnston’s live and relocate the families to the countryside close to where the Lyons now live. Mickey has a girlfriend, Linda, a girl he has known since childhood. One day when they are out walking they come across Eddie, (Mickey’s twin), and rekindle their friendship. The twins are now sixteen years old and their friendship continues to grow until it is time for Eddie to gone away to university. However Eddie declares his love for Linda before leaving but she continues her relationship with Mickey and soon falls pregnant with his child and so they marry and move into Mickey’s home. Mickey’s older brother, Sammy, gets into trouble and Mickey agrees to help him out but instead ends up taking the fall for Sammy killing a man and goes to prison for seven years. During this time he becomes depressed and withdrawn from Linda. She turns to Eddie for support and they soon become emotionally attached. When Eddie’s mother becomes aware of the romance she tells Mickey who, now out of prison, goes to Eddie’s work place. Mrs. Johnston now feels she must tell the boys that they are brothers but this is too much for Mickey to understand in his present mental state, distressed and confused he shoots Eddie. Just as Mickey is doing this a policeman takes aim and fires killing Mickey. Both men are dead. On the whole the script and the play were very good. At first it took a little time to get in to the play but it soon flowed naturally. The play held the audience’s interest by the use of the narrator who appeared on the stage behind the action and would burst into song. A lot of information was given on the characters through the use of song, so the audience received much of the necessary information without realising it. The part of Mrs. Johnston was played by the singer and actress Dennis Nolan. Ms. Nolan described the history of her character through the song ‘Just like Marilyn Monroe’. Her story is not extraordinary or uncommon. A girl from a Roman Catholic working class family who falls in love with a young man who takes her dancing and says she ‘looks a lot like Marilyn Monroe’. Romance soon fades once the babies start arriving. Possibly because of her faith, which would have instilled a belief that children are a blessing, she soon has a large family and her husband begins to look elsewhere for what he first found attractive in his wife. He begins to go dancing with a girl who he says ‘looks a lot like Marilyn Monroe’. When he leaves home Mrs. Johnston discovers she is pregnant with the twins of the story. This is when the events that lead up to the final tragedy really begin. Mickey is the twin that Mrs. Johnston kept. He grows up in this very poor working class family but as a child is mainly happy and full of mischief. He does not expect an easy life and accepts who he is and what his future will be. He does not expect to go to university like his friend Eddie because in his mind and at this time it was usually only children from better off families who went. Mickey would have been happy to work and bring up his children in a working class family. It is unemployment and bad choices that take away his pride and his future. He becomes very depressed, feels worthless and finally sees his marriage fall apart. The actor who played Mickey had to act the part of a child through to an adult, his mannerisms were very good and his gestures appropriate for the different ages. When he was seven Mickey acted and moved as if he was seven and when he was twenty he acted and moved like a twenty year old. His voice changed as well, it moved from a high quick voice to a deeper more solemn one. Linda is the childhood friend of Mrs. Johnston’s children and especially of Mickey. The two children grow up together, play together and become girl and boyfriend. This relationship is threatened by Linda’s attraction to Eddie, Mickey’s twin, but although she realises that it is Eddie that she loves she does not end her relationship with Mickey. When Eddie goes away to university she becomes pregnant with Mickey’s child and marries him. Linda’s role in the play is huge, it is her relationship with Eddie which finally destroys Mickey and leads to the final tragedy. The play contained quite a lot of swearing but this was only used to aid the script and made it more realistic. At the end of the play many people in the audience were in tears which showed how good the performances had been. As a straight play this would have been a very sad story of some very hard lives but because the story is told partly in song the mood is much lighter. It shows that there can be laughter in even the most difficult of lives, but also how our own upbringing, superstitions and prejudices can make our lives more complicated and more difficult.

Financial Crisis: Beyond the 1929-2008 comparison Essay

There has been major economic and financial crisis that have afflicted the world economy since 1929. It all started with â€Å"a great depression† in 1929 that lasted for about 10 years and then some of the other major crisis followed it, the next one being the oil crisis in 1973 then the Latin American debt crisis in 1980’s, in 1990’s the collapse of the Japanese asset price bubble and then in 1997 the Asian financial crisis and then in 2007 United states’ subprime mortgage crisis leading to a Global financial Crisis (Wikipedia: 1973 Oil Crisis, 2010). But there has been certain strategy of the corporate sector that distinguishes the crisis and its impact whenever it took place, as during the times of crisis the steps taken by the people who are economically and financially linked either directly or indirectly becomes very important due to the criticality of the situation and a particular step could make or break for the companies and economy as a whole. Getting over to the 1929 â€Å"The Great depression† that is considered to be a ravaging stock market crash in the history of United States of America that initially occurred because of the over-optimism of economists who believed that the stock prices are invulnerably high which they actually were in early 1920’s but soon those believes and certain predictions proved to be wrong when the stock market collapsed badly in October 1929 and remained broken-down for the next decade (Wikipedia: Wall Street Crash of 1929, 2010). People who borrowed money to buy the number of stocks relying on to the predictions of the economists were helpless with the situation, some people sold in a loss rite away but some kept it with them in a desire to make them even but had to wait for it for most of their life. The economy of U. S fell to its all time low in 1933 with industrial output being only 65% of the previous level. It not only affected U. S but all the countries worldwide as with some examples being Germany, Australia and Canada where the unemployment rates reached nearly 30% (Xinhua News Agency, 2009). The depression that began in United States but quickly transformed into a worldwide slump because of the underlying weaknesses and imbalances within the U. S economy that was previously vague by the Booming economy psychology and the blues of 1920s. The depression unveiled those weaknesses as it did the capabilities if the nation’s political and financial institutions to cope with the massive downward economic cycle that was set in 1930. As it was a depression never sighted by the countries, government took a very little or no action in times of economic downturn and relied heavily on an automatic market forces (Demand and Supply) to accomplish the economic correction. But those forces were unsuccessful in getting the desired recovery during the initial stages of the Great Depression and this badly hit discovery gradually inspired some of the fundamental changes in U. S economic structure and soon government came up with interfering in the form of taxations, public relations, industrial ordinance, insurance, welfare services and certain spending from them confirmed economic stability in the industries with free Market economies. The second biggest recession came in 1973, when Arab countries imposed embargo on the exports of oil and petroleum in retaliation to the U. S decision to re-supply the Israeli military. As Arab countries announced during the Yom Kippur war, the countries that supported Israelis in the conflict. Hence, the long lasting capabilities of embargo related to massive oil prices, disrupted oil supply and recession and with persistent increase in the need for crude oil and petroleum for the industries lead U. S and other European countries made it tough for the industrial sector there to grow and not only that Arab Oil suppliers got united with others to boost up the prices of Oil and crisis further exacerbated that limited the price of an old oil with that allowing newly extracted oil being sold at a higher price, resulting in a secession of an old oil from the market, creating artificial shortage. As with this the 1973 oil inducted the worst ever economic crisis since World War II in key Industrial states, resulting in a deadline of more than 14 per cent industrial output in the U. S and more than 20 per cent in Japan. As a striking inflation was experienced during that period and this massive increase in prices were to be blamed for being suppressive of economic activity. The infected countries responded with a variety of new and probably taking a permanent initiative to contain further dependency. As the oil price stunned the economy by further leading to a stock market crash in 1973-1974. The impact followed several years of steep income declines after the recent failure of pulling off the major Western oil companies. The third real crisis situation occurred that was in 1980’s that were the Latin American Debt crisis. It all started when the Latin American countries started borrowing huge sums of foreign cash to develop the domestic industries during 1960’s. The Latin American region that includes people speaking Roman languages and specifically Spanish, Portuguese and French termed as Latin (Romance languages). The foreign debts for the Latin Americans exceeded USD 300 billion (Xinhua News Agency, 2009) in the early 1980s. In 1982 Mexico revealed it incapability of repaying the debts that triggered a world Shaking debt crisis. Mexicans requested a 90 day rollover of the payments of the principal in order to restructure the financial packages. Unfortunately that problem aroused all other Latin American countries and some other debtor countries in all parts of the world. The Mexican impact was far reaching as it created an atmosphere that caused to issue dreadful forecasts by the people that were thankfully never realized. Most of the observers believe that the petrodollar recycling during 1970s gave birth to this debt crisis. As during that period the oil prices grew dramatically. Commercial banks were as well eager of making profitable loans to the governments and state-owned entities in developing countries, using dollars that were flown from the Middle Eastern countries and because of that the Latin America also got keen of borrowing the relatively cheap money from the banks (Ruggiero, 1999). During the crisis, GDP per capita of Latin American countries dropped by 10 percent (Xinhua News Agency, 2009). The adjustable interest rates interest loans sky rocketed in the early 1980s when the United States attempted to minimize inflation by enforcing rigorous monetary policies where, at the same time, it also increased its military spending. The administration of Reagan during that time in U. S did all this while shortening their Income tax rates. The raw material prices fell drastically around the Globe, which resulted poor countries with lesser money even to re pay their debts. Brazil and Mexico for example closely defaulted on their loans, and according to an International Law, there was no other option for these poor countries but to declare bankruptcy. Though commercial banks in that situation came to the rescue and prevented its defaults. Although many developing countries were left in huge debts and as a result they could no longer get loans. With no real way out, these nations have always relied heavily on the World Bank and/or International Monetary Fund (Ruggiero, 1999). The next real collapse of the Japanese Asset Price bubble was an economic bubble in Japan that took place from late 1980’s to early 1990s when the Japanese real estate and stock prices experienced a ruinous crash in 1990 after years of Inflation. During that time Japan suffered inveterate deflation and economic recession due to its asset devaluation and in the middle of 1990’s the country’s economy entered into a phase where there was a Zero growth (Xinhua News Agency, 2009). Since late 1980s the Japan’s experience shows the emergence and bursting of the bubble that played an important role in economic fluctuations throughout that period. The experience that was observed to have given the indication of a close relations in both financial and macroeconomic instability to large fluctuations in assets prices and raising the question of what has to be an appropriate way of treating asset prices in macroeconomic policy making. It has to be noted that Japan’s experience is the enthusiasm of market participants and together with inconsistent projection of fundamentals that contributed to a large degree to maintaining temporarily high asset prices during that time. Such enthusiasm is often quoted Euphoria that is being excessively optimistic but un-getable expectations for the long term economic performance being lasted for many years before dissipating. The escalated bullish expectations clearly observed in an increased equity yield during the period from the late 1980’s to the early 1990s. As the growth rate of nominal GDP was computed from the equity yield spread in 1990 as high as 8 per cent with the standard assumption that was based on the discount factor. Although the view of low inflation at the time, it was unlikely that the potential growth rate of nominal GDP was close to 8 per cent. Hence that would be more natural to infer the high level of the yield spread in 1990 reflecting the intensification of optimistic expectations, which were not sustainable in the Long run (Shiratsuka, 2005). In the late 1990’s that is in 1997 the Asian financial crisis emerged against the backdrop of U. S dollar appreciation where the exports of many Asian countries whose currencies were nailed down to the dollar and became less competitive. In July, a widespread devaluation of Asian currencies followed Thailand’s decision to float their currency â€Å"Baht†, hence, marking the outbreak of the Asian financial crisis. Indonesia on the other hand with Thailand as well as South Korea was most affected by the crisis. Indonesia’s GDP shrank with a massive 83. 4 per cent followed by Thailand and South Korea’s 40. 4 per cent and 34. 2 per cent respectively the time of crisis (Xinhua News Agency, 2009). The scope and the severity of the collapse were so massive that the outside intervention became somewhat mandatory as considered by many as a new kind of colonialism needed urgently. Since the countries that were sighting a huge downfall were not only the richest in their region but in the world since hundreds of billions of dollars were at stake and any response to the crisis had to be cooperative and international, in the desired case it was International Monetary Fund (IMF). They created rescue packages i. e. the series of bailouts for the most affected economies enabling those affected to avoid defaults that tied the packages to reforms that were intended to make the restored Asian currency with banking and financial systems. In some of the affected countries, restrictions on foreign ownership were greatly reduced and there were sufficient government controls set up to supervise all financial activities and ones they were to be independent and of private interest and the insolvent institutions had to be closed down in order to avoid insolvency affecting other institutions. The financial systems had to become more transparent to provide the kind of reliable financial information used in the West to make sound financial decisions. Somehow the strategy of IMF was opposed and came under great criticism because as countries fell into crisis, many local businesses and governments had taken out loans in terms of U. S dollars that made the currency much more expensive as compared to the local currencies which formed their income actually found unable to pay back to their creditors (Wikipedia: 1997 Asian Financial Crisis, 2010). IN 2007 the U. S subprime mortgage crises lead to another monumental crisis situation that has hurt globally and has forced many businesses to shut down. The crisis broke out in the summer of 2007 in the U. S and its root being mortgages that were made to the borrowers with less ability to repay the loans. The largely invested in products related to subprime mortgages and the tightening of credits around the world. It all started with the bankruptcy of one of the top banks in the world â€Å"Lehman Brothers† and Merrill Lynch’s buyouts in 2008 that caused a major slow down in the global economic growth with contraction in global trade and an astonishing rise in the level of unemployed workforce. Deep recession that emerged in Japan and some other countries that were on the verge of improving their economy somehow got dented with the current crisis (Xinhua News Agency, 2009). The crisis that is named â€Å"the Great Recession† that resulted in the collapse of large financial institutions plus the bailouts of banks by national governments and penultimate downturns in stock markets around the world. The housing market in many countries also suffered, resulting in numerous dispossessions, foreclosures and prolonged vacancies as being considered the worst ever crisis situation since the Great depression in 1930s. It massively contributed to the failure of key businesses, declines in consumer wealth that is estimated to be in the trillions of U. S dollars with substantial financial commitments incurred by the governments, and a significant decline in the economic activities. The market based and regulatory solutions have been implemented or are under consideration, while significant risks remain for the world economy over the periods from 2008. The collapse of in the housing bubble that peaked in U. S in 2006, affected the securities tied to real estate pricing to plumb thereafter, damaging financial institutions in all around the world. The bank insolvencies declined credit availability and damaged investor’s confidence and gradually had its impact on the stock markets, where securities suffered huge losses during late 2008. Critics argued though that credit rating agencies and investors were not successful in pricing the risks involved with mortgage related financial products, and that governments did not adjust their regulatory practices to address the 21st Century financial markets. Governments and central banks had responded with unprecedented fiscal stimulus, monetary policy expansion and institutional bailouts (Wikipedia: Financial Crisis of 2007-2010, 2010). The Crisis throughout the Great depression in 1929 to the Great recession in 2008 are focused as have occurred due to different reasons but end of the day had the same impact and that was denting the global markets. But the strategies throughout the crisis had varied by the policy makers, sometimes it has been successful but sometimes as the recession that stands currently prior to the year 2008 in still active and measures are being taken to overcome the problem. Many companies in between had come up with the strategy of mergers and acquisitions in order to save themselves from bankruptcy and over the years it has become successful for some but has also been unsuccessful. It is somehow noticed that the Mergers and Acquisitions have had the bitter part. The history clearly tells that mergers are not ALWAYS successful for the firms. It takes a great deal of experience and courage to settle with the other firm and handle matters on a larger scale but as it is said the risks are sooner or later paid with dividends. The failures of Dunlop and Pirelli Merger that initiated in 1970, the British –Europe conglomeration went sour as the Pirelli sank into the red. Difficulties in European tire operations in France, West Germany and Ireland as well as Britain were somehow balanced for some time by Profits from Africa, Asia, North America and Australia. The two companies merged because of an intense competition in the tire market and an increased demand for the Japan and North American tires made it challenging for the European markets to grow and the only solution was to increase the financial resources and gain recognition through it hence that resulted in a merger of these two firms. But the troubled economic trends of the 70s played a lead role in the failure of the alliance between Pirelli and Dunlop, progressively deteriorating the relationship between top management of the two groups and their mutual confidence and the deeper elements that led to the Union dissolution was an attempt to combine the groups characterized by significant differences in their models of Corporate Governance, as Pirelli was a family business, while Dunlop was a Public company. Pirelli, as well as many other Italian groups, was controlled by means of a pyramidal structure, cross-holdings of shares and agreement between shareholders, a delicate balance which could be compromised by little changes in the share capital distribution or in its total amount. A delicate balance to preserve which Italian top management refused to implement deeper changes in the Union structure that, in the difficult 70s, might have led the group to achieve better performances. In this regard we can find some similarities between the Union history and a subsequent unfortunate international merger attempt: the one between Fiat and Ford in 1985. Notwithstanding the potential synergies of the joint-venture between the two automotive producers this project failed because the two head offices were incapable of achieving an agreement on the crucial issue of â€Å"corporate control†. The IMF and World Banks on the other hand have been actively participating but the crisis as the history shows, in most of the situations are so massive that their efforts are ruined as well. Bibliography Ruggiero, Gregory. (1999). Latin American Debt Crisis: What Where It’s Causes And Is It Over? Available: http://www. angelfire. com/nj/GregoryRuggiero/latinamericancrisis. html. Last accessed 01 May 2010. Shiratsuka, Shigenori. (2005). The asset price bubble in Japan in the 1980s: lessons for financial and macroeconomic stability. Available: http://www. bis. org/publ/bppdf/bispap21e. pdf. Last accessed 01 May 2010. Wikipedia. (2010). Wall Street Crash of 1929. Available: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929. Last accessed 01 May 2010. Wikipedia. (2010). 1973 Oil Crisis. Available: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/1973_oil_crisis. Last accessed 01 May 2010. Wikipedia. (2010). 1997 Asian Financial Crisis. Available: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/1997_Asian_Financial_Crisis. Last accessed 01 May 2010. Wikipedia. (2010). Financial Crisis of 2007-2010. Available: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932010. Last accessed 01 May 2010. Wright, William M. (n. d. ). The Great Depression that Changed Economic Theory. Available: http://windowtowallstreet. com/1929marketcrash. aspx. Last accessed 01 May 2010. Xinhua News Agency. (2009). Backgrounder: Major economic, financial crises since 1929. Available: http://news. xinhuanet. com/english/2009-03/31/content_11107060. htm. Last accessed 01 May 2010.

Conflicts of Interest Essay

There are many different definitions for Conflict of Interest, but most all mean the same or point to the same direction. When gifts, outside activities such as consulting, or financial and fiduciary interest have potential to create a certain decision or commitment with a business it is considered conflict of interest. Although there are numerous definitions the one adopted by the Institute of Medicine is helpful. It states, â€Å"A conflict of interest is a set of circumstances that creates a risk that professional judgment or actions regarding a primary interest will be unduly influenced by a secondary interest.† A conflict of interest usually occurs in a few common ways. One may be when an individual has the opportunity to use his/her partners’ position for personal financial gain or benefit a company in which the individual has a financial interest. Another way is when outside financial inappropriately influence the way in which an individual carries out his/her partners’ responsibilities. The last most common way of conflict of interest is when an individual’s outside interests otherwise may cause harm to partners’ reputation, staff, or patients. Conflicts of interest are often unavoidable and in many cases can be appropriately managed or reduced to an acceptable level. The people in the business should notice outside activity, interest, or interaction that has potential to create conflict. A few conflict of interest examples that are not acceptable are: Receiving a gift from a vendor. For example, Aaron works for a consulting firm. He accepts a large gift from a client in exchange for a discount on the services his employer provides. Being related to workers and giving them different treatment than the standard employee. For example, John works for a company that is managed by Uncle Steve. John reports to Uncle Steve to receive pay raises, promotions and other benefits that others in his same position do not receive. Doing freelance work for a competing company on the side. For example, Melissa works full time for Canon as a marketing director. In her spare time, she does freelance work for Nikon, helping to market their company with the skills she has learned from Canon. Richard Parsons is a part of two different businesses. â€Å"Because Parsons has a clear-cut fiduciary  duty to Citibank’s shareholders and must put their interest ahead of his or anyone else’s, his financial stake in Providence looks like a paradigm of a conflict of interest – not to mention the fact that Citibank, with all its problems, probably needs the full-time attention of the chairman of its board.† As stated in the text it is believed to be conflict of interest since Mr. Parsons is involved in both companies. Citibank however does not see it being a conflict of interest, and in fact says they would not allow â€Å"even the appearance† of conflict of interest. At times Providence needs financing and Citibank often lend them money. It is beli eved the two companies have such great relation because of Richard Parsons. Both businesses accept a deal they will benefit from, but is it the best deal Citi can have? Although Citibank believes there is no conflict of interest there may be. Both businesses can benefit from one deal, but Citi bank can negotiate a deal that they can benefit from more. Why don’t they negotiate a better deal though? If they do receive a better deal it will have the possibility of hurting Providence. Richard Parsons may not be a part of the deal, but the negotiators know who their boss is and do not want to make his business look bad. Because Richard Parsons is in both business it creates conflict of interest he does not intend for. It also creates unethical actions occur. Although they aren’t intentional they still happen. It is unethical for one person to affect both businesses, their deals, and their success. Keyon Communications is a broadband provider that is worth about only four cents. In 2009 the companies stocked climbed from four cents to two dollars and ten cents. The big question is how? Investors bid up the company’s stock and hope for it to take off. Of course the company believed it was a billion dollar company, but the truth is the stocked was fueled up by Joe Noel. Joe Noel was an analyst for Emerging Growth Research. He keeps a secret that Keyon awarded him seventy five thousand shares before he even began covering the company. The company’s stock eventually went down and showed that the company’s stock was truly only ninety five cents. The texts states that it is less certain whether there is conflict of interest or not, but it believe it is easier to determine in the case with Joe Noel and Keyon Communication. Joe Noel accepted a great amount of shares before he boosted their sock. Giving Joe Noel such shares moved him to invest in their company. One of the easiest conflict of interest to see is when a gift or  something is accepted from a vendor, and the vendor knows it will eventually benefit them. It was unethical for Joe Noel to boost their stock so much. It mislead others in thinking the company was better and worth more than it truly was. I believe people do not go around discussing or recommending specific stocks unless they are asked. It can be considered to be conflict of interest to discuss investments because someone can invest in a certain company to benefit someone or a busine ss. Friends may discuss stocks and investments and can create conflict of interest or can just simply recommend certain investments and discuss what may be best. If someone ask about your investments it is okay to discuss, but not to create deals that will be considered conflict of interest. Every company should have a policy to avoid conflict of interest. The policy must included many things but some main ones are: The employee owes a duty of loyalty to the company. At all times when on duty, without regard to time or place, employees should devote their full attention to the company’s business and their duties. An employee must avoid any activity that conflicts with their interest of the company. An employee must disclose a potential conflict in advance. Outside employment is prohibited unless approved by the employer in advance. The company will deny permission for such outside employment if at any point it adversely affects the employee’s ability, fitness, or readiness to work.

Manet's Le Dejuner sur l'herbe and Bouguereau's Nymphs and Satyr Assignment

Manet's Le Dejuner sur l'herbe and Bouguereau's Nymphs and Satyr - Assignment Example The paper "Manet's Le Dejuner sur l'herbe and Bouguereau's Nymphs and Satyr" compares Manet's "Le Dejuner sur L'herbe" with Bouguereau's "Nymphs and Satyr". Manet’s work is an example of realism because it demonstrates the concepts of realistic within art. It attempts to represent what one would actually be able to â€Å"feel† or â€Å"see† with a sense of shock and demonstration. Manet’s work broke the mold of realism and depicted elements with some surreal aspects in order to highlight the main points behind the piece of work. This resulted in his work being labeled as â€Å"immoral† and â€Å"amateurish† because it was demonstrating the unexpected, while Bougueraeu was praised by critics. Bouguereau actually presented more of what was expected during this time for elements of realism to catch the attention of the audience. Many historians have considered ‘Dejuner’ to be the first modern work of art because it depicts all of th e elements generally present in modernistic pieces. While it presented elements of expected realism, it introduced concepts of modernity into the sphere of artistry, thus paving the way for more modern concepts in art. Impressionism- How did the advent of photography and/or the introduction of Japanese Ukiyo-e prints influence the impressionists in their abandoning of the stylistic characteristics of traditional painting? Choose an Impressionist work from the module to illustrate your answer. Since the Impressionists loved to paint landscapes and portraits like the Dutch Baroque artists of the 17th Century.

You Can tell a lot about people by observing what they wear and eat Essay

You Can tell a lot about people by observing what they wear and eat - Essay Example Food preferences vary due to many factors including age, gender, socio-economic status, nationality, lifestyle and environment. For instance, people from middle and upper classes tend to eat healthier compared to those who grow up in poor families. Organic food, which is quite expensive, is usually consumed by those who can afford it and tries to follow a healthy life style. Teenagers and children are more likely to eat fast food and sweets than adults. Generally, there are common food choice patters between different groups of people based on the way they live but this is not all information people get observing meals of others. Even the process of eating can tell enough about who they really are. According to Santillano (2015), people who eat slowly are used to routine in their lives. At the same time, they do not lose their chance to relax and get positive experience savoring their food. People who eat quickly have other priorities and prefer to minimize time they spend on basic things. People express their hobbies, attitudes and lifestyles in their food choices. People who do not eat meat can express their care about animals or own health in this way by their diet. Gym-lovers will eat more protein which comes from white meat, cottage cheese and eggs alongside with protein cocktails and special power bars to source their muscles with energy for growth. On the contrary, girls on diet will choose smaller portions that contain fewer calories and more vegetables and fruit. Overall, there are many hints about lifestyle and personality one can spot observing what people eat. Clothes also reveal much information about a person who wears it. As well as food, it reflects age, gender, socio-economic status, lifestyle, belonging to subcultures, hobbies and personality traits. Moreover, it is no difficult to get information about peoples approximate height and weights without seeing them just with the help of their

Casey Anthony Murder Trial Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Casey Anthony Murder Trial - Coursework Example The report, as a result, seeks to highlight a brief description of the background, charges and the ultimate trial of Casey Anthony regarding the disappearance and the subsequent death of her daughter. It also seeks to analyze the digital forensic evidence relative to the prosecution’s case. Casey Anthony told the authorities that on the dusk of June 9, 2008, after departure from her work at the Universal Studios she went to her babysitter, Zenaida Fernandez’s, home to discover that both she and her child had disappeared. Casey Anthony informed investigators that she initiated a hunt of her own but then was unable to trace her daughter (Alvarez, 2011). Caylees corpse was found six months after being declared missing, near Casey’s residence. The first computer evidence that initiated the search for Caylee Anthony was pictures of Caylee and her grandfather at a gathering. The evidence gave the exact date at which the victim was last seen, contrary to the testimony given by Casey Anthony. Contradicting information in relation to the computer forensics and Casey Anthony’s statement was the 31 day period where detectives collected photographs and videos of Cay Lee, Casey’s night club partying, AIM Logger chat and Casey Anthony’s Cupid profile. According to Casey, Cay Lee was the frequent user of the internet and not herself. According  to  further examination of the family computer, the Encase timeline function indicates the MAC times for the database itself and not individual records. As a result, as the user accesses the internet, the index file does not update the time that it is operational. A vital discovery was an AIM Logger chat that did not concern Cay Lee, Massive activity on MySpace, that goes on the entire day from 0800hrs with just an hour of the lunchtime break. The activity resumes again at 1330hrs, but according to Casey’s father, Casey

Fascist Regimes of Italy and Germany Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Fascist Regimes of Italy and Germany - Essay Example Contradictions to the ideology are liberalism, democracy, conservatism, individualism and capitalism and criticism against the state is forbidden. Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini are two of the most infamous fascist leaders of the twentieth century, but did their leaderships also embrace totalitarianism Hitler and Mussolini were dictators; they governed without the consent of the people. A dictatorship is the foundation of the governing power and totalitarianism relates to the scope of the power of those who govern, most dictatorships tend to be totalitarian as if the power does not come directly from the people as it does in a democracy then the scope of power has no limits and therefore all aspects of life can be controlled. Fascism is juxtaposed with totalitarianism in this sense as the subordination of citizens advances the states interests of total control. Nazism and Fascism arose form right wing extremism and can be distinguished from left wing totalitarianism, namely communism in that right wing ideology seeks to enforce private ownership of wealth whilst left wing, namely communist totalitarianism seek to maintain collective ownership. Each strand is defined by social class. The ideology of fascism is mainly the working of the philosopher Giovanni Gentile. The emphasis was placed on the individuals need to become completely subordinate to the state. Under Hitler’s rule many characteristics of a totalitarian state can be shown, for example there was censorship of media, removing freedom of speech enabled the government to influence public opinion via propaganda which proved a highly effective methods of control. Nazis soon realized that mass media communication was of great importance and became aware of the Medias influence over the populous. The methods of communication available in the era were used as a means to convince the masses that Hitler had overwhelming support. This effectively constitutes a totalitarian leader. The manipulation of the masses brought about hysteria and a state of belief that through carefully planned and scripted radio, broadcasts rallies and publications persuaded the public that Hitler's idea of utopia was unavoidable. Secret police in the form of the Gestapo were in place to arrest so called enemies of the state and were removed from public life to concentration camps. Genocide was the most outrageous acts of his rule, Jews across Germany's territory were slaughtered on mass scales as they did not fit in to Hitler's Utopian ideal. White supremacy was at the forefront of his thinking and Nazism continues to exist in today's society. Nazism, Fascist ideology and policies espoused and practiced by Adolf Hitler and his National Socialist German Worker's Party from 1920-1945 were typical of totalitarian ideology. A Master Race to rule the world over other races was the ambition, and a violent hatred of Jews, whom Hitler blamed for all of the problems of Germany were on his agenda. Extreme nationalism was also demonstrative of totalitarian ideology. Hitler wanted to create a Master Race, uniting German speaking people into a great and singular

Problem Set 6, 7, and 8 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Problem Set 6, 7, and 8 - Assignment Example Thus it is a measure of the strength of relationship between the two variables. David states that when the two variables are continuous-level variables, the value is called Pearson correlation coefficient (David, 1997. Pg100). Suppose an economist wants to determine if higher oil prices increase the cost of shipping and the degree of the relation between the two, in this case, his main concern is the cost of shipping and how it is being affected by the changes in the oil prices; of which he wants to determine whether the shipping cost changes depend on the changes in the oil prices. Thus the dependent variable is the shipping cost while the independent variable is the oil prices. This is basically because the shipping cost depends on the oil prices. To answer his question, the economist can go ahead to collect historical data on the same and probably tabulate his results as below: To measure the strength and direction of relationship/association between two variables, Spearman rank-order correlation can be used. It is a nonparametric measure. David notes that before using Spearman rank-order correlation, it is vital to check the validity of the data (David, 1997. Pg230). This is because not all data is qualified to be analyzed by Spearman rank-order correlation. Thus to use the spearman rank-order correlation, data must meet the following prerequisites: Thus I selected this test to analyze the data based on these two conditions that have been met by the data. Suppose football analysts want to find out the order of the teams between two years in English premier league, Spearman rank-order correlation may be an option. The analyst has collected the following data: 1. Predicting unknown values of a variable from the value of several known variables (predictors) is done using multiple regression analysis. For example, we can predict the value of a dependent variable y so long as we are given the value of xi (x1, x2, x3, †¦xn) Suppose an

Controversy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Controversy - Essay Example In fact, the market economy of New Zealand is one of the most prosperous economies of the world with a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of $181.3 billion, as on April, 2013 (OECD, 2013). Taxation in New Zealand is a vast and complex phenomenon. Since 1980, the country is going through significant tax reform programs for the purpose of restructuring its marginal tax rate system. In 2010, the marginal income tax rate was reduced from 66% to 33%, corporate tax rate was also diminished from 48% to 33%. GST (Goods and Service Tax) was introduced at a rate of 10% initially. However, imposition of Capital Gain Tax in New Zealand still remains a controversial issue. A Capital Gain Tax may be defined as the tax levied on realization of assets such as shares, bonds and properties or capital gains for individuals and corporations. This kind of tax is imposed when investors realize a profit by selling the capital asset at a price higher than the purchase price. In this paper, the significance of introducing Capital Gains Taxation in New Zealand’s economy will be discussed and eventually relevant inference regarding the concerned matter will be drawn (OECD, 2013). New Zealand is one among the three countries in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) which is not having Capital Gains Tax. According to the reports from March, 2014 both the Labour Party and Green Party of New Zealand are advocating the importance of imposing Capital Gains Tax. However, implication of imposition of such tax burden is still in debate (Claus, Creedy & Teng, 2012). Capital Gains Tax from economic income perspective is a long debated issue. Arguments can be introduced in this regard by experiencing the Labour Party’s effort to establish horizontally equitable income by taxing the capital gain on accrual basis and by imposing taxes at an equal rate on capital gain irrespective of their other source of income. Apart from that, be it Labour or Green Party, the